Egg Donation
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What does it consist of?
Egg donation is indicated when the chances of getting a pregnancy using one’s own oocytes is very low or its use is impossible due to the absence of the same or some other conditions that contraindique its use. It consists of in vitro fertilisation in which the ova are derived from a donor. Once fertilized in the laboratory, the procedure is the same as in any IVF. The embryos are cultured for a few days and then transferred to the woman’s uterus.
- Egg donation with couple sperm. The sperm come from a seminal sample from the patient’s partner.
- Egg donation with donor sperm. The semen comes from a gamete bank.
When is it indicated?
- Advanced maternal age.
- Early menopause or premature ovarian failure.
- Absence of ovaries: congenital or after surgical removal.
- Repeated failure of other assisted reproduction techniques.
- Contraindication of the use of own eggs, by hereditary genetic disease, capable of being transmitted to the offspring and that cannot be avoided by the use of Embryonic Genetic Diagnostic Techniques (PGT).
- Others.
Donor selection
This is done, according to the phenotypic characteristics of the recipient of the eggs, taking into account their blood type, we can also offer the opportunity to perform a “genetic matching” (genetic compatibility test), reducing even more the possibilities of transmission of a genetic disease to offspring, since all our donors undergo a comprehensive series of clinical, genetic and psychological tests.
Preparation of the seminal sample
It is necessary to prepare the semen sample so that it has the ability to fertilize the egg, in addition to achieving an optimal concentration of mobile sperm.
The sperm sample is obtained by the male by simple masturbation, in his home or in our center, the same day of the insemination or can be previously cryopreserved. In cases where the use of donor semen is indicated, this sample will always be frozen and stored in our semen bank. In both cases, our biologists will treat it in the laboratory with a process known as sperm training, so that we can select the sperm with the best mobility.
Fertilization and culture
Our embryologists perform fertilization through a technique called ICSI (Intracytoplasmic sperm injection). It consists of the selection of a single sperm for each egg that is microinjected into it. It is a very precise technique that favors the fusion of the nuclei of the male gamete with the female. Fertilized embryos must be kept in culture for 5-7 days. And during this time, they will develop until they reach the blastocyst stage.
In Next Fertility, we use time-lapse technology, which allows real-time monitoring of the evolution of embryonic development. This way, we evaluate in a very exhaustive way the morpho-kinetic changes that take place and this allows us to select the embryos most likely to get a pregnancy.
Endometrial preparation
The objective of this phase is to prepare the endometrium of the patient to maximize the possibilities of embryo implantation. It is performed with the administration of estrogen and progesterone preparations, which contribute to the correct development of the endometrium, which is the layer of the uterus where the embryo will implant and the future baby will develop during its intrauterine life.
During this phase ultrasound checks and hormonal determinations are made to check the correct preparation of the endometrium.
Embryo Transfer
In the embryo transfer we will deposit the embryo inside the uterine cavity; this can be done in “fresh” or in “deferred”.
The transfer is done with an embryo in blastocyst stage (5-7 days of embryonic life), is called in “fresh” when it is done with a blastocyst without having been frozen previously, during the same cycle of ovarian stimulation and follicular puncture; and in “delayed” when a thawed blastocyst is transferred, in a cycle after the in vitro fertilisation treatment cycle.
The transfer is made “deferred” when: a) there is a risk of “Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome”, b) endometrial conditions are not adequate for embryonic implantation, c) it is necessary to perform embryonic genetic diagnosis techniques, d) there is some reason why gestation in the same IVF cycle is not advisable.
In both cases, the transfer is done with a transfer tube or catheter, using an ultrasound guide. This procedure is completely painless and does not require hospital admission.
Pregnancy Test
After the “beta-waiting” period (14-15 days after insemination), a blood pregnancy test will be done. We will look for the presence of the hormone β-hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin), which is the hormone produced by the embryo after its implantation in the endometrium.
If the beta test was positive, two weeks later we will perform an ultrasound, to confirm the presence of “gestational sac” inside the uterus and observe the heartbeat of your future baby.
Do you have more questions? We will be delighted to assist you.
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